PCOS & Weight Management

Wegovy and PCOS: Can Semaglutide Help?

Quick Answer: Wegovy (semaglutide 7.2 mg) can be an effective weight loss treatment for women with PCOS. PCOS is closely linked to insulin resistance, which Wegovy directly addresses through its GLP-1 mechanism — improving insulin sensitivity, reducing appetite and producing meaningful weight loss that can improve PCOS symptoms including irregular periods, androgen excess and fertility. Clinical evidence specifically in PCOS is growing, and Wegovy is increasingly recognised as a clinically relevant option for women with this condition. It is prescribed within its licensed weight management indication for those who meet BMI eligibility criteria.

1 in 10women of reproductive age have PCOS

70–80%of women with PCOS have insulin resistance

~21%average weight loss on Wegovy 7.2 mg at 72 weeks (STEP UP)

Understanding PCOS What Is PCOS? Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive age, estimated to affect between 8% and 13% of women globally — though many cases remain undiagnosed. It is characterised by a combination of hormonal imbalance, metabolic dysfunction and, in some cases, the presence of multiple small follicles on the ovaries visible on ultrasound scan. Despite the name, PCOS does not require the presence of ovarian cysts for diagnosis. In the UK, PCOS is typically diagnosed using the Rotterdam criteria, which requires at least two of the following three features to be present:

Oligo-ovulation or anovulation — infrequent, irregular or absent menstrual periods caused by disrupted ovulation
Clinical or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism — elevated androgens causing acne, excess body or facial hair (hirsutism) or scalp hair thinning
Polycystic ovarian morphology on ultrasound — twelve or more follicles visible per ovary or an ovarian volume greater than 10 cm³

PCOS Is a Metabolic as Well as a Reproductive Condition PCOS is frequently mischaracterised as a purely reproductive or cosmetic condition. In reality, it is a complex metabolic disorder with significant long-term health implications. Women with PCOS face elevated risks of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, endometrial hyperplasia and metabolic syndrome — risks that are substantially amplified by excess weight and insulin resistance. Addressing weight and metabolic health is therefore a central component of PCOS management, not merely an aesthetic consideration. The Spectrum of PCOS Presentation PCOS presents differently in different women. Some experience severe symptoms across all domains — significant menstrual disruption, marked hirsutism, acne, weight gain and fertility challenges. Others have a milder presentation with one or two features and relatively preserved fertility. There is no single PCOS experience, and treatment approaches must be individualised accordingly. What is consistent across presentations, however, is the metabolic dimension — particularly the role of insulin resistance.

PCOS and Weight: A Complex Relationship. Not all women with PCOS are overweight, and PCOS is not caused by excess weight. However, excess weight significantly worsens PCOS symptoms by amplifying insulin resistance and androgen production. Conversely, even modest weight loss of 5–10% of body weight can produce meaningful improvements in menstrual regularity, androgen levels and fertility in women with PCOS — making weight management a frontline clinical intervention.

The Biology Why PCOS Causes Weight Gain Weight gain in PCOS is not simply a consequence of lifestyle factors — it is driven by specific hormonal and metabolic mechanisms that make weight management uniquely challenging for women with this condition. Understanding these mechanisms explains why standard dietary advice often produces disappointing results in PCOS, and why pharmacological interventions may be necessary. The Insulin-Androgen Vicious Cycle The central driver of weight gain and symptom persistence in PCOS is the interplay between insulin resistance and androgen excess. In women with PCOS, insulin resistance causes the pancreas to produce excess insulin in an attempt to maintain normal blood glucose. This compensatory hyperinsulinaemia has a specific consequence in the ovaries: insulin stimulates the theca cells of the ovary to produce excess androgens, particularly testosterone. Elevated androgens then contribute to weight gain, particularly visceral abdominal fat accumulation — which worsens insulin resistance. The result is a self-perpetuating cycle in which insulin resistance drives androgen excess, androgen excess promotes fat accumulation, and increased visceral fat deepens insulin resistance. Breaking this cycle is the central challenge of PCOS management.

Insulin Resistance
Cells resist insulin signal

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High Insulin
Pancreas overproduces

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Androgen Excess
Ovaries produce testosterone

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Visceral Fat Gain
Fat storage increases

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Worsening IR
More weight deepens resistance

Impaired Appetite Regulation Women with PCOS have been shown to have altered secretion and sensitivity to appetite-regulating hormones including leptin and GLP-1. Leptin resistance — in which the brain fails to respond normally to leptin's fullness signal — is common in PCOS, particularly in overweight or obese patients. Reduced GLP-1 responsiveness blunts the natural satiety mechanism after meals. Together, these disruptions create a biological environment in which hunger is amplified and fullness signals are muted — making dietary restraint significantly harder than for women without PCOS. Psychological and Behavioural Factors PCOS carries a substantial psychological burden that is frequently underestimated in clinical settings. The combination of unwanted physical changes (hirsutism, acne, weight gain, scalp hair thinning), menstrual disruption, fertility concerns and the stigma associated with a commonly misunderstood condition contributes to significantly elevated rates of anxiety and depression in women with PCOS. These mental health dimensions directly affect eating behaviour — increasing the likelihood of emotional eating, binge eating episodes and disordered relationships with food. Effective PCOS management must acknowledge and address this psychological dimension alongside the metabolic one.

Insulin Resistance Insulin Resistance in PCOS: Explained Insulin resistance is the defining metabolic feature of PCOS for the majority of affected women. Understanding what it is, what it does and how it can be addressed is fundamental to understanding why Wegovy is clinically relevant for this condition.

Normal Insulin Function	Insulin Resistance
When you eat, blood glucose rises. The pancreas releases insulin, which acts as a key — unlocking cells to allow glucose to enter and be used for energy. Blood glucose returns to normal and insulin levels fall.	In insulin resistance, cells respond poorly to insulin's signal. The pancreas compensates by producing more insulin. Blood glucose is controlled, but at the cost of chronically elevated insulin — which has wide-ranging metabolic consequences.

Consequences of Insulin Resistance in PCOS Chronically elevated insulin in PCOS has consequences that extend far beyond blood glucose regulation. In the ovaries, excess insulin drives androgen production — worsening hirsutism, acne and menstrual disruption. In adipose tissue, elevated insulin promotes fat storage and inhibits lipolysis (the breakdown of stored fat for energy), making weight loss physiologically harder. In the liver, high insulin contributes to dyslipidaemia — raising triglycerides and lowering HDL cholesterol. And in the cardiovascular system, insulin resistance is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and hypertension. The Role of Metformin Metformin — an oral diabetes medication that reduces hepatic glucose production and improves insulin sensitivity — has been a cornerstone of PCOS management for decades. It addresses insulin resistance directly, can regularise menstrual cycles and has a modest effect on androgen levels and weight. However, its weight loss effect is limited, and it does not address the appetite dysregulation that makes calorie control so difficult in PCOS. Many women with PCOS respond inadequately to metformin alone for weight management — which is where GLP-1 receptor agonists have emerged as an important complementary or alternative option.

Treatment	Targets IR	Appetite Suppression	Weight Loss Effect	Androgen Reduction	Menstrual Regularisation
Metformin	Yes — moderate	No	Modest (1–3 kg)	Modest	Yes — moderate
Wegovy (Semaglutide)	Yes — significant	Yes — strong	~21% body weight	Indirect (via weight loss)	Yes — via weight loss
Mounjaro (Tirzepatide)	Yes — greater	Yes — strong	~21% body weight	Indirect	Yes — via weight loss
Lifestyle only	Partial	No	Variable (5–10%)	Modest	Variable
Combined pill (OCP)	No	No	Minimal	Yes — direct	Yes — direct (cycle control)

How Wegovy Helps How Wegovy Works for PCOS Wegovy's GLP-1 receptor agonist mechanism addresses PCOS through several intersecting pathways. Its primary licensed indication is weight management, and weight loss itself produces substantial improvements in PCOS — but the drug's metabolic effects go beyond simply reducing body weight. Improving Insulin Sensitivity Semaglutide improves insulin sensitivity through both direct and indirect mechanisms. Directly, GLP-1 receptor agonism enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner — meaning more insulin is released when blood glucose is high, but not when it is normal, reducing the risk of hypoglycaemia. It also reduces glucagon secretion, lowering hepatic glucose output. Indirectly, the weight loss produced by semaglutide — particularly the reduction in visceral fat — substantially reduces the adipose-driven insulin resistance that underlies PCOS pathophysiology. Breaking the Insulin-Androgen Cycle By improving insulin sensitivity and reducing circulating insulin levels, Wegovy reduces the ovarian stimulus for androgen production. Clinical evidence from studies of GLP-1 receptor agonists in PCOS shows improvements in total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG — which binds and deactivates androgens) and androgen-related symptoms including hirsutism and acne, independent of weight loss in some studies. This suggests a direct beneficial effect on the hormonal environment of PCOS beyond the indirect benefits of weight reduction alone. Restoring Appetite Regulation For women with PCOS whose appetite regulation is compromised by leptin resistance and reduced GLP-1 responsiveness, semaglutide provides a pharmacological correction of the disrupted satiety signalling. Patients with PCOS frequently describe Wegovy as qualitatively different from previous weight loss attempts — not just reducing appetite, but silencing the relentless food preoccupation that has characterised their experience of PCOS-driven hunger. This psychological shift is clinically significant because it makes sustainable dietary behaviour change possible in a way that pure willpower-based approaches cannot. Improving Ovarian Function Weight loss in PCOS — even modest amounts of 5–10% — can restore ovulatory cycles in women with anovulatory PCOS. This is because weight loss reduces visceral fat, improves insulin sensitivity and lowers androgen levels, collectively removing the main barriers to normal follicular development and ovulation. Several studies have demonstrated improvements in menstrual regularity and ovulation rates following GLP-1 receptor agonist treatment in women with PCOS, with some reporting resumption of regular cycles within three to six months of starting treatment.

Mechanism	How It Helps PCOS
Improving insulin sensitivity	Directly breaks the insulin-androgen cycle by reducing compensatory hyperinsulinaemia — lowering the ovarian stimulus for androgen production
Appetite suppression	Pharmacologically corrects the disrupted satiety signalling that makes dietary restraint so difficult in PCOS — not just reducing hunger but silencing the relentless food preoccupation
Visceral fat reduction	Significant waist circumference reductions remove one of the primary drivers of insulin resistance in PCOS
Restoring ovarian function	Even 5–10% weight loss can restore ovulatory cycles in women with anovulatory PCOS by reducing insulin, androgens and visceral fat
Direct androgen reduction	Studies show improvements in testosterone and SHBG independent of weight loss alone — suggesting a direct beneficial effect on the hormonal environment of PCOS

Clinical Evidence Clinical Evidence: Wegovy and PCOS The evidence base for semaglutide specifically in PCOS is growing but remains less extensive than the broader STEP trial data for general weight management. No large-scale randomised controlled trial has yet used semaglutide 2.4 mg specifically in a PCOS population as its primary focus. However, a body of evidence from smaller trials, systematic reviews and real-world data is building a clinically meaningful picture. GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and PCOS: Systematic Review Evidence A 2022 systematic review published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism evaluated the evidence for GLP-1 receptor agonists (including liraglutide and semaglutide) in women with PCOS. The review found consistent evidence of significant weight loss, improvements in insulin resistance markers, reductions in total testosterone and free androgen index, and improvements in menstrual regularity across studies. The authors concluded that GLP-1 receptor agonists represent a promising treatment option for metabolic and reproductive features of PCOS, particularly in women with obesity or overweight. Semaglutide-Specific Evidence in PCOS A 2023 systematic review focusing specifically on semaglutide in PCOS identified multiple studies demonstrating significant reductions in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (a measure of insulin resistance) in women with PCOS. Improvements in menstrual frequency and androgen markers were also reported. The authors noted that the quality and scale of evidence is still developing, and called for larger randomised trials specifically in PCOS populations — but concluded that the current evidence supports semaglutide as a clinically relevant option for women with PCOS and obesity. The STEP Trials and PCOS The STEP trial programme did not specifically enrol or report on women with PCOS as a defined subgroup. However, given that PCOS affects approximately 1 in 10 women of reproductive age, and that the STEP 1 trial enrolled women with a mean age of 46, a meaningful number of STEP trial participants likely had PCOS. The broadly consistent weight loss outcomes across the trial population — with significant metabolic improvements including HbA1c, blood pressure and lipid profiles — are clinically relevant to the PCOS population.

Reported Benefits of GLP-1 Agonists in PCOS (Evidence Summary)

Weight loss of 10–15% achievable — sufficient to meaningfully improve PCOS symptoms
Improvements in insulin resistance markers (fasting insulin, HOMA-IR) reported in multiple studies
Reductions in total testosterone and free androgen index in several trials
Improvements in menstrual regularity and ovulation frequency observed
Reductions in hirsutism scores in some studies
Improvements in psychological measures including anxiety, depression and quality of life
Reductions in cardiovascular and metabolic risk markers

Expected Results Weight Loss Expectations for Women with PCOS on Wegovy Women with PCOS may find weight loss on Wegovy is somewhat slower or less linear than the STEP trial averages in the general population — particularly in the early months. This is because the metabolic environment of PCOS, particularly pronounced insulin resistance, creates additional barriers to fat mobilisation that take time to respond to semaglutide's insulin-sensitising effects. Early Phase: Months 1–3 The first three months of Wegovy treatment in PCOS are a period of metabolic recalibration as much as active weight loss. Insulin sensitivity is improving, appetite signals are being restored, and the dose is escalating toward its therapeutic level. Weight loss in this phase may be modest — 3–6% of body weight is a realistic expectation for many women with PCOS — but the metabolic changes occurring beneath the surface are often more significant than the scale weight suggests. Some women with PCOS report improvements in energy, reduced bloating and improved mood within the first four to six weeks, even before significant scale weight is lost. Months 3–12: Accelerating Progress As the dose approaches and reaches the maintenance level, weight loss in PCOS typically accelerates. The combined effect of improved insulin sensitivity, reduced androgen-driven fat storage and meaningful appetite suppression begins to produce more rapid results. Clinical data suggests that women with PCOS who achieve 5% or more weight loss by month three are likely to achieve 10–15% or more by month twelve, consistent with the broader STEP trial data. Some women — particularly those who combine Wegovy with dietary improvements and resistance exercise — achieve weight loss at or above the trial average.

Timepoint	Expected Weight Loss (PCOS)	Expected PCOS Symptom Changes
Month 1	1–3 kg	Appetite reduction; possible early energy improvement
Month 3	3–6%	Beginning of menstrual regularisation in some patients; improved insulin markers
Month 6	8–12%	Visible weight reduction; improved androgen markers; better menstrual regularity
Month 12	12–16%	Significant PCOS symptom improvement; improved fertility markers in many patients

The 5% threshold: A loss of 5% of starting body weight is the clinical threshold at which PCOS symptoms typically begin to improve meaningfully — insulin resistance diminishes, androgen production reduces and ovulatory function often begins to restore. Wegovy achieves this in the majority of patients within three months — a rate of progress that lifestyle intervention alone rarely produces in PCOS.

Fertility Fertility Considerations for Women with PCOS on Wegovy Fertility is a central concern for many women with PCOS, and it is an area where Wegovy's effects require careful clinical consideration. Weight loss in PCOS can have a powerful positive effect on fertility — but Wegovy itself is not recommended during pregnancy, and the possibility of restored ovulation during treatment means contraception must be considered. Weight Loss and Restored Ovulation One of the most clinically significant effects of meaningful weight loss in PCOS is the restoration of ovulatory cycles. Women who have experienced months or years of irregular or absent periods due to anovulatory PCOS frequently find that weight loss — even modest amounts — restores ovulation before menstrual regularity becomes apparent. This means that women with PCOS who are losing weight on Wegovy and are not planning pregnancy must use reliable contraception, as ovulation may resume without clear warning signs. Wegovy Is Not Recommended in Pregnancy Wegovy is contraindicated in pregnancy. Although no clinical trials have been conducted in pregnant women, animal reproductive studies with semaglutide showed embryofetal toxicity at clinically relevant exposures. Women planning to become pregnant should discontinue Wegovy at least two months before attempting conception, as semaglutide has a half-life of approximately one week and takes several weeks to clear the body fully.

Contraception is essential during Wegovy treatment for women with PCOS. Weight loss can restore ovulation in women with anovulatory PCOS before menstrual regularity becomes apparent. Do not assume you cannot conceive simply because your periods are irregular. Use reliable contraception throughout treatment and discuss your fertility plans with your prescribing clinician.

Stage	Consideration	Action
Before starting Wegovy	Contraception required — weight loss may restore ovulation unexpectedly	Use reliable contraception; discuss plans with clinician
During Wegovy treatment	Wegovy is not recommended in pregnancy; teratogenic risk cannot be excluded	Continue effective contraception throughout treatment
Planning pregnancy	Discontinue Wegovy at least 2 months before attempting conception	Discuss timing with prescribing clinician and fertility team
After stopping Wegovy	Weight regain is likely; PCOS symptoms may worsen without ongoing support	Maintain lifestyle strategies; consider alternative PCOS management
Post-partum	Wegovy is not recommended while breastfeeding	Discuss restarting timeline with clinician after breastfeeding ceases

Wegovy as a Fertility Support Tool While Wegovy is not a fertility treatment and is not prescribed for this purpose, the weight loss and metabolic improvements it produces can meaningfully support fertility outcomes in women with PCOS. Studies consistently show that women with anovulatory PCOS who achieve 5–10% weight loss are significantly more likely to ovulate spontaneously and to respond to fertility treatments such as ovulation induction or IVF. Women with PCOS who are planning pregnancy in the future may benefit from a period of Wegovy treatment to improve their metabolic baseline, provided they discontinue well before attempting conception.

Treatment Comparison Wegovy vs Mounjaro for PCOS Both Wegovy (semaglutide) and Mounjaro (tirzepatide) are available through GPhC-registered UK pharmacies including Happy Pharmacy, and both are relevant treatment options for women with PCOS who meet the weight management eligibility criteria.

Factor	Wegovy (Semaglutide 7.2 mg)	Mounjaro (Tirzepatide 15 mg)
Mechanism	GLP-1 receptor agonist	Dual GLP-1 / GIP receptor agonist
Licensed indication	Weight management (MHRA approved)	Weight management (MHRA approved 2023)
Average weight loss	~21% at 72 weeks (STEP UP)	~21% at 72 weeks (SURMOUNT-1)
Insulin resistance	Improves insulin sensitivity significantly	Greater insulin-sensitising effect via dual action
PCOS evidence	Growing real-world data; off-label for PCOS	Early evidence; promising; off-label for PCOS
Metformin interaction	No significant interaction	No significant interaction
Dose frequency	Once weekly injection	Once weekly injection
Starting dose	0.25 mg escalating to 7.2 mg	2.5 mg escalating to 15 mg
Availability (UK)	Available — Happy Pharmacy and GPhC pharmacies	Available — Happy Pharmacy and GPhC pharmacies
PCOS preference	Well-established safety data; first-choice for many clinicians	Potentially superior for insulin resistance; emerging option

Happy Pharmacy (GPhC No. 9012585) offers both Wegovy and Mounjaro. Our clinical team can discuss which treatment may be more appropriate for your individual circumstances as part of the online assessment process. All prescriptions are reviewed by Superintendent Pharmacist Palvinder Deol.

Key Questions Key Questions Answered Can Wegovy help PCOS? Yes. Wegovy addresses several of the key metabolic drivers of PCOS — particularly insulin resistance, appetite dysregulation and visceral fat accumulation. Clinical evidence from studies of GLP-1 receptor agonists in PCOS, including semaglutide specifically, demonstrates significant improvements in weight, insulin resistance markers, androgen levels and menstrual regularity. Wegovy is prescribed within its licensed weight management indication for women with PCOS who meet BMI eligibility criteria. It is not licensed for PCOS itself, but the metabolic and reproductive benefits of weight loss in PCOS are well established. Does Wegovy improve insulin resistance? Yes, through both direct and indirect mechanisms. Directly, semaglutide's GLP-1 receptor agonism enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon and reduces hepatic glucose output — all of which improve the insulin environment. Indirectly, and most significantly, the substantial weight loss produced by Wegovy — particularly the reduction in visceral fat — removes one of the primary drivers of insulin resistance in women with PCOS. Clinical studies consistently show improvements in fasting insulin, HOMA-IR and other markers of insulin sensitivity in women with PCOS on GLP-1 receptor agonists including semaglutide. Is Wegovy suitable for women with PCOS? Wegovy is suitable for women with PCOS who meet the standard clinical eligibility criteria: a BMI of 30 or above, or 27 or above with at least one weight-related comorbidity. PCOS itself may constitute a relevant comorbidity in some clinical assessments. Women with PCOS who are of reproductive age should use reliable contraception during Wegovy treatment, as weight loss can restore ovulation unexpectedly. Wegovy is contraindicated in pregnancy. The prescribing clinician should be informed of PCOS status, current medications including metformin, and fertility plans as part of the assessment process.

FAQs Frequently Asked Questions: Wegovy and PCOS

Yes. Weight loss on Wegovy produces improvements in the core features of PCOS — including improved menstrual regularity, reduced androgen levels, improved insulin sensitivity and reduced hirsutism. Studies of GLP-1 receptor agonists in PCOS consistently report improvements across metabolic and reproductive parameters. Even a 5% reduction in body weight is associated with meaningful PCOS symptom improvement.

Yes. Directly, GLP-1 receptor agonism enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon and reduces hepatic glucose output. Indirectly — and most significantly — the substantial weight loss and visceral fat reduction produced by Wegovy removes one of the primary drivers of insulin resistance in PCOS. Clinical studies consistently show improvements in fasting insulin and HOMA-IR.

Weight loss on Wegovy can restore or regularise menstrual cycles in women with anovulatory PCOS. Improvements in menstrual frequency have been reported in studies of GLP-1 receptor agonists in PCOS, particularly in association with weight loss of 5% or more. This varies between individuals and is not guaranteed.

Yes. There is no significant pharmacokinetic interaction between semaglutide and metformin. Many women with PCOS take both — metformin addressing insulin resistance and hepatic glucose production, while Wegovy provides additional appetite suppression and greater weight loss. Inform your prescribing clinician of all current medications.

Indirectly, yes. Reductions in androgen levels associated with weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity on Wegovy can improve androgen-driven symptoms including acne, hirsutism and scalp hair thinning. These improvements are typically gradual and may take three to six months to become apparent. Direct anti-androgen treatments (such as the combined oral contraceptive pill or spironolactone) remain first-line for these symptoms where rapid improvement is needed.

For weight loss specifically, Wegovy significantly outperforms metformin. Metformin typically produces 1–3 kg of weight loss in PCOS; Wegovy produces an average of approximately 21% of body weight at 72 weeks. Metformin remains useful for direct insulin sensitisation and may complement Wegovy rather than compete with it. The best approach depends on individual clinical circumstances.

Wegovy is not a fertility treatment and is contraindicated in pregnancy. However, the weight loss and metabolic improvements it produces can significantly improve the conditions for conception in anovulatory PCOS — restoring ovulation, improving insulin sensitivity and supporting better outcomes from fertility treatments. Women planning pregnancy should discontinue Wegovy at least two months before attempting conception.

Most women with PCOS notice a reduction in appetite and food cravings within two to four weeks of starting Wegovy. Scale weight loss is typically 3–6% by month three. Improvements in menstrual regularity and androgen markers often begin to emerge between months three and six. Full treatment effect is typically seen at the 12-month mark.

PCOS may slow the initial rate of weight loss due to pronounced insulin resistance and metabolic resistance to fat mobilisation, but it does not prevent Wegovy from working. Most women with PCOS achieve clinically meaningful weight loss on Wegovy, and the metabolic improvements associated with treatment are particularly relevant and beneficial in this condition.

Wegovy is licensed for weight management in adults with a BMI of 30 or above, or 27 or above with at least one weight-related comorbidity. Women with PCOS who have a BMI below these thresholds do not meet the current prescribing criteria. Alternative insulin-sensitising treatments such as metformin remain appropriate for lean women with PCOS.

Mounjaro's dual GLP-1/GIP mechanism may offer advantages for women with PCOS due to greater insulin sensitisation and potentially superior visceral fat reduction. However, its evidence base in PCOS specifically is newer than semaglutide's. Both are clinically relevant options — the choice depends on individual clinical circumstances, degree of insulin resistance and patient preference. Happy Pharmacy can discuss both options as part of the assessment process.

Disclose your PCOS diagnosis, current medications (particularly metformin, the combined pill, spironolactone or other hormonal treatments), menstrual history, fertility plans, and any relevant metabolic investigations such as fasting glucose, HbA1c or testosterone levels. This information helps ensure the most appropriate treatment is selected and that safety considerations specific to PCOS are accounted for.

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